PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.